The James Webb Telescope confirms the existence of four galaxies from the young universe

Images and spectral analysis of data from the James Webb Space Telescope confirm the existence of four galaxies dating back to a time when the universe was only 300-500 million years old.

Spectra taken by the James Webb Space Telescope reveal the most distant galaxies ever observed, going back to a time when the universe was only 2% of its current age.

Two of the galaxies (JADES-GS-z10-0 and JADES-GS-z11-0) confirmed by the current survey were already known from Hubble imaging, while the other two (JADES-GS-z12-0 and JADES -GS-z13 -0) ) was recently discovered. Scientists Brad Robertson of the University of California, Santa Cruz, Sandro Tachila of the University of Cambridge, and their colleagues have determined star formation rates, sizes, and other properties that show that each galaxy can contain 100 million solar masses in stars, in star clusters less than 1.100 million years old. their cosmic age.

The scientists concluded that moderate levels of star formation and their compact size indicate a higher surface density of star formation rates, which is a key indicator of how galaxies form. Measurements indicate that galaxies formed rapidly with strong internal radiation fields.

In a second publication by scientists Emma Curtis Lake of the University of Hertfordshire, Stefano Cargnani of the Italian University Scuola Normale Superiore and their colleagues used the James Webb Telescope’s near-infrared spectrometer to provide the first spectroscopic confirmations of previously unknown galaxies. Which are farther away than those discovered by the Hubble Space Telescope. They also confirmed that the two galaxies discovered by Hubble were in the universe when they were less than 350 million years old. The authors note that their findings illustrate the rapid emergence of the first generations of galaxies.

In an accompanying article analyzing the two surveys, Peter van Dokkum, a professor in the Yale Department of Astronomy, notes that looking at the bigger picture, including galaxies uncertain from other studies, “the message from the James Webb telescope is that the universe is teeming with bright galaxies. It seems that Massive galaxy formation started unexpectedly early.”

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